Effect of electromagnetic waves on human reproduction annals of. The photon energies of rf electromagnetic waves are not great enough to cause the ionization of atoms and molecules and rf energy is, therefore, characterized as nonionizing radiation, along with visible light, infrared radiation and other forms of electromagnetic radiation with relatively low frequencies. The electromagnetic spectrum in diagram 1 shows a number of important divisions based on the properties and applications of the di. Ionising radiation includes ultraviolet rays, xrays and gamma rays. About 30% of stories discussed cell tower radiation risks.
Data has shown that a wholebody averaged sar of 4 wkg is acceptable, and subsequently the standard was set at 0. Society for radiation protection and a regular contributor to the german monthly publication. The range of wavelengths of radiation in which the energy is transmitted by photons. The radiation dose is measured in terms of roentgen, it is the quantity of xrays or gamma radiation which produces one electrostatic unit in one c. There are two forms of radiation nonionizing and ionizing which will be discussed in sections 3. Electromagnetic radiation hazards electromagnetic radiation hazards, navsea op 3565, is a twovolume manual that prescribes operating procedures and precautions to prevent injury to personnel, ignition of volatile vapors, and premature initiation of electroexplosive devices in ordnance in electromagnetic environments. The study includes investiga tion of electromagnetic radiation from highvoltage electric lines in inhabited areas in an urban. Nuclear regulatory commission, nrc, such as xray equipment. Benefits and hazards of electromagnetic waves, telecommunication.
In todays high tech world, we all experience electromagnetic radiation from many sources. One rad is equal to the radiation necessary to deposit energy of 100 ergs in 1 g of irradiated material 100ergsg. Risk perception, risk communication and its application to electromagnetic field exposure, organized by the world. Because gamma rays are such a highintensity, ionizing form of radiation, they pass through normal protections, such as skin, clothing, foil and goggles.
The kind of radiation discussed in this document is called ionizing radiation because it can produce charged particles ions in. Tests aboard ships and in laboratories have shown that the chances of this happening are low because of other conditions that must exist at the same time to support combustion of the fuel. Keywords electromagnetic, radiation, environment, health 1. Cancer tumors headaches fatigue alzheimers disease parkinsons disease researchers, however, are unsure of specific longterm effects resulting from prolonged exposure to nonionizing radiation.
Objectives of radiation protection the international commission of radiation protection icrp stated that the overall objectives of radiation protection is to provide an appropriate standard of protection for man without unduly limiting the beneficial practices giving rise to radiation exposure. We will discuss here ben eficial as well as hazardous effects of emr. Pdf exposure to hazardous effect of em radiation researchgate. When the beta particle is slowed down or stopped, secondary x radiation known as bremsstrahlung may be produced.
Safety and health topics ionizing radiation hazards. Health risks from exposure to electromagnetic radiation emf. Radiation hazards electromagnetic radiation absorbed. Pdf study of cell tower radiation and its health hazards. Radiation hazards n protection linkedin slideshare. Nonionizing radiation is described as a series of energy waves composed of oscillating electric and magnetic fields traveling at the speed of light. Beta particles can be stopped by the walls of a room or by a sheet of plastic about 1. Frequency fields rf and microwave radiation on human health by the. Hazards of electromagnetic radiation to personnel herp. Electrical energy enters into the operation of a myriad industrial, scientific, medical, community and house equipment and appliances. It can come from unstable atoms or it can be produced by. This technical document is a reference manual for industrial hygienists and researchers who measure occupational exposures to static and elf emf. Gamma rays are also used to scan boxes or objects for security purposes.
Nonionizing radiation can produce nonmutagenic effects such as inciting thermal energy in biological tissue that can lead to burns. Rifai and others published health hazards of electromagnetic radiation find, read and cite all the research you need on. Pdf health hazards of electromagnetic radiation researchgate. It includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, xrays, and gamma rays classically, electromagnetic radiation consists of electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic radiation hazards 5 summary of current ansi standards for exposure to nonionizing radiation. Radiation is energy that comes from a source and travels through space and may be able to penetrate various materials in its path. Radiation is defined as the emission of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves. Em watch electromagnetic radiation health and safety. In nigeria, 29% of national disease burden is linked to risks. S have aired more than 250 news stories about health risks from wireless radiation exposure. Radiation protection, also known as radiological protection, is defined by the international atomic energy agency iaea as the protection of people from harmful effects of exposure to ionizing radiation, and the means for achieving this.
Increasingly, more people are reporting symptoms associated with wifi radiation, or nonionizing. Health and electromagnetic fields european commission. Electromagnetic waves are not simply waves, but have a dual nature. Possible effects of electromagnetic fields emf on human health 2 about the scientific committees three independent nonfood scientific committees provide the commission with the scientific advice it needs when preparing policy and proposals relating to consumer safety, public health and the environment. These can deliver an electric shock to persons or animals. Report of the statewide program for radiation protection in the use of dental. Light, radio, and microwaves are types of radiation that are called nonionizing. Additionally, the amount of radiation exposure from dental radiographs depends. These arise directly as a result of human activities. Icnirp guideline at 940 mhz, power density p d is 4. High frequency radiation and human exposure mahmoud m. Cdc emf electric and magnetic fields niosh workplace. Study of cell tower radiation and its health hazards on human body article pdf available in iosr journal of applied physics 61 november 20 with 161 reads how we measure reads.
Health hazards of radiation an unprotected person in the accident place may in a short time receive such a great radiation dose that it has an immediate effect on the persons health. A great dose of radiation destroys a lot of cells and can be the cause of a radiation illness. Nonionizing radiation includes the spectrum of ultraviolet uv, visible light, infrared ir, microwave mw, radio frequency rf, and extremely low frequency elf. Nonionizing radiation has less energy than ionizing radiation. Energy that is transferred by either high energy particles or waves. Sufficiently strong electromagnetic radiation emr can cause electric currents in conductive materials that is strong enough to create sparks electrical arcs when an induced voltage exceeds the breakdown voltage of the surrounding medium e. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. In physics, electromagnetic radiation em radiation or emr refers to the waves or their quanta, photons of the electromagnetic field, propagating radiating through space, carrying electromagnetic radiant energy. It strips away electrons from atoms breaks some chemical bonds. The results are benchmarked against recommended safety levels. Establishing a dialogue on risks from electromagnetic fields. Radiation of all forms constitutes one of the environmental determinants of health.
Pdf knowledge of radiation hazards, radiation protection. Electromagnetic radiation emr emitting from the natural environment, as well as from the use of. A very high dose of gamma rays in a short time can be fatal. A mobile phone tower only 150 meters away emits similar levels of radiation as a wifi router at a distance of 5 meters. Emr, or electromagnetic field radiation emf, is the generated byproduct of electricity traveling through electronic devices radiation is classified as either ionizing or nonionizing based on the radiations capacity to ionize atoms and interfere with chemical bonds. The risk that exposure to radiation presents can be measured using the radiation dose. Radiation hazards free download as powerpoint presentation.
Technological or manmade hazards such as the toxicity of pesticides to fauna, accidental release of chemicals or radiation from a nuclear plant. This research investigates the potential health hazards of radiation emanating from electric power lines. Gamma rays come from four possible nuclear reactions. The spectrum ranges from low energy extra low frequency radiation and radio waves to high. The mean score for knowledge about radiation hazards and protection was 6. The simplest division is into ionising and nonionising electromagnetic radiation. When the risk of ionizing radiation to humans is discussed, the calculated unit. The legislation would block the rights of local governments and their citizens to control the installation of. Radiation hazards in dentistry pdf radiation hazards in dentistry gont. Each source produces its own electromagnetic field or emf a wave of energy radiating outwards, getting weaker with increasing distance.
The next two sections on this page provide a starting point for recognizing hazards from radiationemitting equipment or devices. Nov 14, 2018 updated feb 22, 2019 the emergence of 5g, fifthgeneration telecommunications technology, has been in the news lately because the wireless industry has been pushing controversial legislation at the state and federal level to expedite the deployment of this technology. The navys hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance hero program addresses the potential for electromagnetic em radiation to unintentionally initiate electroexplosive devices eeds contained within current navy and marine corp ordnance items. Radiation dose is measured in sieverts sv or millisieverts msv. The other form of radiation is gravitational radiation. Elf and vlf em radiation emr in the elf and vlf range is. Agnir report rce20 on people, animals and cells exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, and health protection agency response to the report. Only highmass shielding, such as lead, can stop them. Gamma rays are dangerous because they cause cellular damage that leads to dna damage, cancer and radiation sickness. Right now as you read this page, you are probably being irradiated by many emfs. This type of radiation is commonly used in industries such as mining, food, refining and paper. These can be in the form of gamma radiation, radio waves, heat waves or particle radiation which includes alpha and beta radiation.
The accompanying electromagnetic fields emfs are partially transformed into radiation that affects human health. Possible effects of electromagnetic fields emf on human. Almost half of the stories focus on radiation risks from use of a cell phone, including risks to children. Radiation is energy in the form of waves of particles. Ppt radiation hazards powerpoint presentation free to. Beta radiation beta emitters are internal radiation hazards when taken inside the body. Ionizing radiation can damage living tissue in the human body.
Questions and answers about biological effects and. Hazards of electromagnetic radiation to fuels herf many studies have been done about fuel vapors being accidentally ignited by electromagnetic radiation. Quasinatural hazards such as smog or desertification arise through the interaction of natural processes and human activities. Since gamma rays can kill organisms, it helps sterilise medical equipment and remove harmful bacteria from food. Exposure can be from a source of radiation external to the human body or due to internal irradiation caused by the ingestion of radioactive contamination. Measuring the effect of radiation ionising waves, such as gamma rays, can damage the dna in cells and even kill cells.
Knowledge of radiation hazards, radiation protection. Nonionizing electromagnetic radiation emf can present many health risks. Each source produces its own electro magnetic field or emf a wave of energy radiating outwards, getting weaker with increasing distance. Nonionising radiation includes electromagnetic radiation spanning the.
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